Fire Alarm Categories Explained: A Guide to BS5839
Having a fire alarm system at your property is essential, but with so many options available, choosing the right system can be tough. To help you make the right decision, we’ve put together this guide on the different fire alarm categories, as defined by the BS5839 standards.
What are BS5839 Standards?
BS5839 is the British Standard that provides recommendations for the planning, design, installation, commissioning and maintenance of fire detection and fire alarm systems. It categorises fire alarm systems based on the type of building, its purpose and the specific risks associated with it.
Fire Alarm System Categories
Fire alarm systems under BS5839 are divided into three main categories: Category M, Category L and Category P. Each category serves different purposes and is tailored to specific building requirements.
Category M: Manual Systems
Category M systems are manual fire alarm systems where the alarms are activated by individuals through manual call points, such as break-glass units. This type of system relies entirely on human intervention and is often used in smaller buildings where occupants can easily identify and react to a fire. While they are the most basic form of fire protection, they still require occupants to react quickly and safely.
Category L: Life Protection Systems
Category L systems are designed to protect life by providing early warning to occupants, allowing them to evacuate safely. They are further divided into subcategories (L1 to L5) based on the level of coverage:
● L1: Comprehensive coverage throughout the building, including all rooms and circulation areas.
● L2: Covers escape routes and high-risk areas where fires are more likely to start.
● L3: Covers escape routes and areas leading directly to them, ensuring that any fire is detected early.
● L4: Protects escape routes, ensuring that occupants can evacuate safely.
● L5: Tailored to meet specific risks identified within a building, often designed following a fire risk assessment.
Category P: Property Protection Systems
Category P systems are designed primarily to protect property rather than life. These systems are ideal for buildings where the main concern is minimising damage from a fire. Like Category L, they are divided into two subcategories:
● P1: Provides the earliest possible warning, covering all parts of the building.
● P2: Focuses on areas of high risk, protecting the most vulnerable parts of the property.
Fire Alarm Systems You Can Count On
If you’re unsure about which fire alarm system is right for you or need professional fire alarm installation, get in touch with the team at Thameside Fire Protection today. We’re here to help you safeguard your property with a fire alarm system tailored to your needs.
